JVM apps¶

macOS

After dragging to your Applications folder open the Conveyor app and click "Add to path" in the UI.

Create a sample project¶

Choose your path:

Jetpack Compose JavaFX

Run the following commands.

conveyor generate compose com.example.my-project
cd my-project
./gradlew jvmJar

Run the following commands.

conveyor generate javafx com.example.my-project
cd my-project
./gradlew jar

GitHub support

If you use a name like io.github.your_username.your_repo your new project will use git, GitHub Releases and GitHub Pages. There's also a GitHub Action Workflow but that won't be configured out of the box.

Create the unpackaged app¶

Create a self-contained directory and run the app from there:

conveyor run

Get the app into the output directory and take a look.

Your current OS Windows macOS Linux

conveyor make app

conveyor make windows-app

One of the following for Intel/Apple Silicon Macs respectively:

conveyor -Kapp.machines=mac.amd64 make mac-app
conveyor -Kapp.machines=mac.aarch64 make mac-app

conveyor make linux-app

Serve the download site¶

A plain directory can't be installed or updated. Let's fix that by making self-updating packages.

conveyor make site
cd output
npx serve .

Open localhost:3000/download.html and try installing your new app.

It's self-signed, so you'll need to follow the instructions for how to install it. We'll fix that later.

Serving localhost

Above we use npm and the JavaScript serve module as a simple localhost web server. You can use any web server that properly supports HTTP Content-Range requests. Some servers have bugs therefore we recommend using npx serve . even though this isn't a JavaScript project. You can also use Caddyserver by running caddy file-server --browse --listen :3000. In particular don't use the built in Python web server. It won't work correctly for Windows installs.

Release an update¶

In another terminal tab:

Edit build.gradle[.kts] and change the version field to 2.0.
Run ./gradlew jar or ./gradlew jvmJar to rebuild the app.
Run conveyor make site to regenerate the download site.

Windows macOS Linux

Run the program you installed in the previous step. You should see a window appear with a progress bar, the update be applied and the app should then start, all without any user interaction.

This happens because the sample conveyor.conf file is using the app.updates = aggressive key. Learn more about update modes.

Run the program you installed in the previous step. You should see a window appear with a progress bar, the update be applied and the app should then start, all without any user interaction.

This happens because the sample conveyor.conf file is using the app.updates = aggressive key. Learn more about update modes.

If on Debian derived distributions: Run apt-get update; apt-get upgrade to get the newest version of your app. Otherwise, there is no automatic update supported right now, sorry.

Read the config¶

It looks like this:

Jetpack Compose JavaFX

include "#!./gradlew -q printConveyorConfig"

app {
  site.base-url = "localhost:3000"
  display-name = "My Project"
  rdns-name = "com.example.my-project"

  icons = "icons/icon.svg"
}

include "#!./gradlew -q printConveyorConfig"

app {
  site.base-url = "localhost:8899"
  display-name = "My Project"
  rdns-name = "com.example.my-project"

  icons {
    label = "FX"
  }

  // Ensure the icons are also included as data files. 
  // See the method HelloApplication.loadIconsFromStage().
  windows.inputs += TASK/rendered-icons/windows
  linux.inputs += TASK/rendered-icons/linux
}

The include statement runs Gradle and uses its output as config. The Conveyor Gradle plugin adds tasks that convert build config into Conveyor config.

Tip

The conveyor.conf syntax is a superset of JSON designed for humans writing config files. You can write raw JSON if you're ever unsure about syntax. app.foo.bar = 123 is equivalent to app { foo { bar = 123 } }.

Icons¶

Jetpack Compose JavaFX

Delete the line that says icons = icons/icon.svg.
Run conveyor make rendered-icons
Look in the output directory to find your new icons.

Basic, but functional.

Add this code where the icons key was:

icons {
   label = XY
   gradient = blue
}

Rerun conveyor make rendered-icons and look at the results again.

Run conveyor make rendered-icons
Look in the output directory to find your new icons.
Marvel at their beauty and elegance.

OK. More like basic but functional.

Add gradient = blue to the icons {} object.
Rerun conveyor make rendered-icons and look at the results again.

The last two lines of the config use the output of the rendered-icons task as data files, so the results aren't just converted to platform native formats but also included as raw images. This lets you use them as stage icons.

Tip

Icon generation is meant for quick prototypes, internal tools, student projects and other cases where it's just not worth drawing a pretty icon for your app.

Learn more about icons

Upload a real update site¶

To release an update you just re-upload the files to the site URL.

Learn more about download sites

Signing¶

Your users must follow annoying instructions to install the app. That's because it's being self-signed, not signed by a recognized certificate authority. Let's fix that.

When you ran your first command Conveyor announced it had generated a "root key" and that you should back it up. The root key is stored in your defaults.conf file and looks like this:

app.signing-key = "little peace follow cave drive pluck pony rebel grant barrel mammal skate devote skate amateur abandon shaft farm relax cousin few initial olive catch/2023-01-27T16:28:23Z"

Backups

Make a backup of your root key.

You must always back up your root key, even if you will later import signing keys you already have. The root key is also used for signing Mac update feeds, Linux packages and apt repositories.

It's represented as words so you can write it down with pen and paper for quick and safe offline backups. Remember to include the generation date!

All the different keys you need can be deterministically derived from this one root key.

The cheapest way to release your app to everyone is to join the Apple Developer Programme (about $100/yr) and then sign up for the Microsoft Store (about $19/yr for an individual, a bit more for companies). Conveyor can release via the Store and when you do this Microsoft will sign your software for you. This is cheaper and easier than buying signing certificates.

How to buy new certificates

A certificate request file (CSR) can be uploaded to a certificate authority like Apple, DigiCert or ssl.com to get back a certificate. The certificate links your public key to a verified personal or corporate identity and is included inside the app binaries on Windows and macOS along with the signatures. Conveyor generated two .csr files and printed the paths to them.

Apple Windows

Log in using an Apple ID to the Apple developer programme. Joining will require a credit card payment.
Request a "Developer ID Application" certificate using the Apple Developer console. You can do this with any web browser and operating system, but you must be the account holder.
Upload the apple.csr file that was created next to your defaults.conf file when you created your root key above.

You'll get a .cer file back immediately. There is no review or approval process because the verification is linked to your credit card details.

Pick a certificate authority that sells Authenticode certificates. DigiCert is a good choice. Please refer to this FAQ section for more information on the difference between normal and EV certificates.
Upload the windows.csr file that was created next to your defaults.conf when you created a root key above. You will need to verify your identity with the CA.
Download the certificate in a format of your choice. Conveyor understands several but PEM works well.

Place your certificate files next to your defaults.conf. Name them apple.cer and windows.cer.

Add this to defaults.conf:

app {
  mac.certificate = apple.cer
  windows.certificate = windows.cer
}

If you're shipping to macOS you need to configure Apple notarization. Learn how to set up notarization.

Run conveyor make site or build unpackaged apps again. Your apps should now be signed and notarized.

Learn more about keys and certificates

Become a 🐢 tortoise¶

You will probably not be satisfied with the feature set shown in this short tutorial. The rest of the documentation awaits!